What are cycloalkanes?
Cycloalkanes contain only carbon hydrogen bonds and carbon-carbon single bonds.If a simple unbranched alkane is converted to a cycloalkane two hydrogen atoms, one from each end of the chain, must be lost.
Hydrocarbons chains which connect in a head-to-tail “circle” are called cycloalkanes.
The general formula is CnH2n.
Hydrocarbons chains which connect in a head-to-tail “circle” are called cycloalkanes.
The general formula is CnH2n.
How to name cycloalkanes:
1. Use the cycloalkane as the parent chain if it has a greater number of carbons than any alkyl substituent. If an alkyl chain off the cycloalkane has a greater number of carbons, then use the alkyl chain as the parent and the cycloalkane as a cycloalkyl- substituent.
2. When numbering, start with the substituted carbons. (Substituted carbons should have the lowest number).
3. If there are two or more substituents, number them in alphabetical order.
4. Halogen substituents are treated exactly like alkyl groups
2. When numbering, start with the substituted carbons. (Substituted carbons should have the lowest number).
3. If there are two or more substituents, number them in alphabetical order.
4. Halogen substituents are treated exactly like alkyl groups
Practice:
Name these structural formulas
Answer:
a) Cyclopentane
b) Cyclobutene
Draw the structural formulas for these cycloalkanes:
a) Cyclopropane
b) Cyclohexane
b) Cyclohexane